Huckleberry Finn: hero or villain?

Originally developed in Spain, one of the various styles of writing used by authors is that of the picaresque novel, which involves a picaro, or rogue hero, usually on a journey, and incorporates an episodic plot through various conflicts. Mark Twain's novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (AHF), is a picaresque novel, marked by its episodic plot with a unifying theme of the river and the characterization of Huck Finn as a rogue hero. The novel's periodic plot is demonstrated by Huck's many adventures in separate episodes having independent conflicts. Gary Weiner, a former English teacher, states that â€Å"the picaresque novel is [†¦ episodic. Various scenes may have little to do with one another, and entire scenes may be removed without markedly altering the plot as a whole† (88). The conflicts that govern Huck's encounters with people like the dishonest and devious king and the duke, the Grangerford family, or Colonel Sherburn are very different and disconnected from one another. Whereas one episode involves two crooks, the duke and the king, the other involves a long-standing family feud between the Grangerford and Sheperdson families, and the third involves a Colonel defending his honor, with very little connection among the episodes. Tom Quirk, an author, editor, and English professor at the University of Missouri-Columbia, also purports that â€Å"Huckleberry Finn is a highly episodic book, and the arrangement of episodes observes no incontestable narrative logic. The feud chapters precede rather than follow the Boggs shooting not for self-evident artistic reasons but because we are to suppose that is the order in which Huck lived them† (97). The different conflicts exhibit the novel's picaresque style and are used to relate the story of a wandering rogue hero. Though the story's plot is episodic in nature, there is, however, a unifying factor of the river, shown through the conflict and water diction. John C. Gerber, a well-known Twain scholar, affirms in â€Å"Mark Twain: Overview† that though â€Å"episodic in nature, the story nevertheless holds together because of the river [and] the constant presence of Huck as narrator†. Every episode in the book takes place along the banks of the Mississippi River, as Huck and Jim travel down the mighty river, trying to find Cairo. From the crashed steamboat to the Royal Nonesuch spectacles along the riverside towns, the small conflicts are related by their proximity to the river. Leo Marx, Senior Lecturer and William R. Kenan Professor of American Cultural History Emeritus at MIT, cites T. S. Eliot, a poet and also another critic, in saying that â€Å"‘The River gives the book its form. But for the River, the book might be only a sequence of adventures with a happy ending'† (12). Water diction is used to purvey a sense of the unifying river in the book. As Huck and Jim raft down the river from Jackson Island, Huck comments: â€Å"Two or three days and nights went by; I reckon I might say they swum by, they slid along so quiet and smooth and lovely† (AHF 129). The river physically holds the story together and also underlies the whole novel. Huck can be compared to Weiner's definition of a Picaresque hero as: â€Å"The picaresque novel is a witty, satirical form that revolves around the exploits of a lower-class hero of dubious morals, often called a ‘rogue hero. ‘ This hero lives by his wits as he moves through the various strata of his society. The hero is constantly in and out of trouble but often uses his street-smarts to emerge from compromising situations. † (87) To that extent, these four character traits are seen in the hero of the story, Huckleberry Finn. Huck can be characterized as having dubious morals through his actions and reasoning. Huck justifies some of his immoral actions, such as stealing, by using his pap's own actions as a precedent. Quirk states, â€Å"Huck is often capable of pseudomoralizing, citing his pap as authority for lifting a chicken or borrowing a melon† (92). As Huck tells the reader during the preparations to help Jim escape from the Phelps residence, â€Å"Along during that morning I borrowed a sheet and white shirt off of the clothes-line [†¦ ] I called it borrowing because that was what pap always called it [†¦ ]† (AHF 256). Also, Huck rationalizes his immoral action when he sneaks into a circus without paying. He defends his action by saying that he did not need to waste money: â€Å"I ain't opposed to spending money on circuses, [†¦ ] but there ain't no use in wasting it on them† (AHF 159). Huck, therefore, carries out improper and immoral actions akin to thievery. Weiner verifies this: â€Å"there is no honor among thieves, and Huck, by necessity, has become one of them† (83). Thus, Huck demonstrates the characteristic of being a rogue hero through his immoral actions and their justification. Rogue heroes travel ‘through' various social strata; through the episodes that Huck experiences, Twain presents the many levels of antebellum Mississippi valley American social strata. Huck starts traveling with Jim, a runaway slave, down the Mississippi river, and eventually befriends him, a lower class individual. Huck, after playing a cruel joke on Jim, apologizes to him. This is highly out of convention for the milieu of the time, as Jim is naught more than a slave, while Huck is a white boy: â€Å"It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger – but I done it, and I warn't sorry for it afterwards, neither† (AHF 98). This exemplifies one instance where Huck mingles with a person of a lower class. Additionally, Huck cares enough about Jim that he resolves himself to free his friend and suffer the consequences: â€Å"I studied a minute [†¦ ] then says to myself, ‘All right. Then, I'll go to hell' [†¦ I would go to work and steal Jim out of slavery again [†¦ ]† (AHF 228). Huck sacrifices the most valuable part of himself, his soul, to stay with his lower class friend Jim. Huck also interacts with people of higher social classes: â€Å"Tom Sawyer, his aunt, the Widow Douglas, and Miss Watson are all drawn from the middle class. The Sheperdsons and Grangerfords represent the wealthy, aristocratic upper class† (Weiner 73). Miss Watson, who cares for Huck in the beginning, and the Widow Douglas are not overly wealthy, but do have several slaves (AHF 11). The Phelps family, who Huck mingles with when they mistake him for Tom Sawyer, also belongs to the middle class. Huck describes them as well-off, but not overly wealthy family: â€Å"Phelps's was one of these little one-horse cotton plantations†(AHF 232). The cotton plantations were very successful at the time, but the Phelps's is one of a smaller size, denoting their middle-class status. When Huck arrives at the residence of the Grangerfords, an upper-class, aristocratic family who he stays with, he describes: â€Å"It was a mighty nice family, and a mighty nice house, too. I hadn't seen no house out in the country before that was so nice and had so much style† (AHF 112). Huck also describes the house as having features like a fireplace and other luxuries that only the affluent could afford. Therefore, Huck satisfies another requirement of the rogue hero, interacting with characters from various social classes. Another facet of the picaresque hero is his constant entanglement with trouble. Each episode that Huck experiences, embroils him in that conflict until he escapes to stumble into the next conflict. After the episode where Huck and Jim are separated in the fog, they encounter a group of slave-hunters; following that, more trouble befalls them as a steamboat runs into their raft, forcing Huck into the water. Eventually, Huck washes up on the property of the Grangerfords, where he faces the next conflict. In his attempts to escape from trouble, Huck often inadvertently stumbles into more trouble. Huck quick-wittedly answers â€Å"‘Goodness sakes, would a runaway nigger run south? ‘† to the king and the duke's wondering if Jim is a runaway slave (AHF 138). However, according to R. J. Fertel, a Twain scholar, Huck's quick-witted answer â€Å"gets [Jim and Huck] out of the frying pan and into the fire: the duke responds by printing the slave bills that enable their rafting by day and that leads ultimately to Jim's being sold back into slavery† (92). The different conflicts in the story as well as Huck's responses and reactions get Huck often into trouble. Finally, Huck fulfills the fourth criterion for a rogue hero by using wits and practical knowledge of the world to avoid or escape from trouble. Whenever Huck is tangled in a problem, he concocts a story for himself on the spot and manages his way out of trouble. According to Fertel, â€Å"[Huck], [†¦ ] [is] an improviser always ready with a tall tale or scheme or counter scheme [†¦ ] Huck's improvising is [†¦ ] harmless, brought to bear on others only to avoid trouble† (94). After Huck tries to slip away from the duke and the king after the townsfolk find out that the two are not the real relatives of the deceased man, Peter Wilks, the king catches Huck and asks if he was trying to give them the slip. Huck quickly lies that the man â€Å"‘that had aholt of me was very good to me [†¦ ] and he was sorry to see a boy in such a dangerous fix; [†¦ he [let] go of me and whispers ‘Heel it now, or they'll hang ye for sure! ‘ and I lit out'† (AHF 219). Similarly, when Jim is in danger of being discovered by raftsmen, he quickly lies to them and convinces them that his father has smallpox: â€Å"‘[†¦ ] gentlemen, if you'll only pull ahead, and let me heave you the head-line, you won' t have to come a-near the raft;'† the men immediately back off: â€Å"‘Keep away, boy – keep to looard. [†¦ ] Your pap's got the smallpox and you know it precious well. [†¦ ] Do you want to spread it al over? ‘† (AHF 103). Huck lies again to protect himself as well as Jim. In addition, he uses his practical knowledge to support his story when he is cornered by Mrs. Judith Loftus. To see if Huck was really from a farm, as he had told her while in the guise of a girl, she asks him questions, such as â€Å"‘Which side of a tree does the most moss grow on? ‘† to which Huck promptly and correctly answers â€Å"‘North side;'† Huck's practical knowledge convinces her, as she responds, â€Å"‘Well, I reckon you have lived in the country,'† and relieves Huck of momentary trouble (AHF 71). Quickly concocting stories and lies as well as utilizing practical knowledge characterize Huck's wit, fulfilling this criterion of the rogue hero. An episodic plot and Huck Finn as a rogue hero establish Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as a picaresque novel. The plot consists of many episodes with separate and disconnected conflicts, all bound by the river. Huck Finn can be characterized as a rogue hero, thus fulfilling all the necessary criteria for the picaresque novel.

How Does Hosseini Tell the Story in Chapter 2 Essay

During this early stage of the novel, narrative is fundamental in forming the basis and definition of Amir, the protagonist and teller of the story. As well as this, several expectations for the novel are also established, particularly in terms of characterization and plot. Whilst the book as a whole can be described as a psychological exploration into the complexities of guilt and jealousy, this chapter differs in the sense that the narration deliberately refrains from discussing any thoughts or emotions of Amir. Founded on factual knowledge such as dates, times, births, deaths, and directly quoted dialogue, the formal tone may reflect the writer’s attitude to the material being discussed; perhaps he is ashamed and wants, during this chapter, to distance himself from emotional implications and accountability? Instead, we are introduced to the voices of other characters, such as Baba, Ali and Sanaubar. This begins to embed the idea that the plot will revolve around a delicate web of interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, Hosseini’s first-person narrator makes the larger story of Afghanistan’s troubles seem very personal, as Amir’s tale of personal abuse, betrayal, and redemption, mirrors the tale of Afghanistan itself. Hosseini uses contrast to illustrate the inverse lives of Amir and Hassan. Endless description of infinite luxury, marble surfaces, the warmth of fire, and curved walls steering through one room after another, is followed by a single sentence, almost as an afterthought, mentioning Hassan and Ali’s humble mud hut at the bottom of the garden. The choice of sentence structure is reflective of their positions in society; their respective lifestyles are the culmination of ethnic tensions and intolerances. However, a degree of similarity remains, a similarity that is irrelevant of society. Both Hassan and Amir have lost their mothers, and as a consequence, only have their fathers and each other. They are closer than regular friends, or more like brothers. Their relationship plays a central role in the book, and it figures in another theme that is introduced in this chapter: standing up for what is right. But despite this undeniable connection, Amir cannot call Hassan a friend, in the same way that Baba never refers to Ali as a friend either. The looming division of religious beliefs is further intensified by the blasphemous language used by the soldiers in reference to Hassan’s mother, which gives an impression of the control and sadistic ways associated with the treatment of Hazaras by the Pashtuns. The significance of setting becomes increasingly apparent as the book goes on, and in this chapter we are introduced to the pastoral environment that sets the scene for the childhood that Amir and Hassan shared. Hosseini crafts a typical landscape in descriptive detail of the Afghanistan that once was, of sunlight, trees, fruit, and autumn colours. This imagery is recurrent in passages of retrospective throughout the novel, and is part of a structural plan to effectively shock the reader in later chapters when Amir returns to Afghanistan.

The Life of Serial Killer Israel Keyes

On March 16, 2012, Israel Keyes was arrested in Lufkin, Texas after he used a debit card that belonged to an 18-year-old Alaska woman that he killed and dismembered in February. During the following months, while awaiting trial for the murder of Samantha Koenig, Keyes confessed to seven other murders during more than 40 hours of interviews with the FBI. Investigators believe there are at least three more victims and possibly much more. Early Influences Keyes was born Jan. 7, 1978 in Richmond, Utah to parents who were Mormon and homeschooled their children. When the family moved to Stevens County, Washington north of Colville, they attended The Ark, a Christian Identity church which is known for racist and anti-Semitic views. During that time, the Keyes family was friends and neighbors with the Kehoe family. Israel Keyes was childhood friends of Chevie and Cheyne Kehoe, known racists who were later convicted of murder and attempted murder. Military Service At age 20, Keyes joined the U.S. Army and served at Fort Lewis, Fort Hood and in Egypt until he was honorably discharged in 2000. At some point during his young adult years, he rejected religion completely and proclaimed he was an atheist. Keyes life of crime had begun before he joined the military, however. He admitted to raping a young girl in Oregon sometime between 1996 and 1998 when he would have been 18 to 20 years old. He told FBI agents that he separated a girl from her friends and raped, but not killed her. He told investigators that he planned to kill her, but decided not to. It was the beginning of a long list of crimes, including burglaries and robberies that authorities are now trying to piece together into a timeline of Keyes criminal career. Sets up Base in Alaska By 2007, Keyes established Keyes Construction in Alaska and began working as a construction contractor. It was from his base in Alaska that Keyes ventured out into almost every region of the United States to plan and commit his murders. He traveled many times since 2004, looking for victims and setting up buried caches of money, weapons, and tools needed to kill and dispose of the bodies. His trips, he told the FBI, were not financed with money from his construction business, but from the money he got from robbing banks. Investigators are trying to determine how many bank robberies that he may have been responsible for during his many trips across the country. It is also unknown at what point Keyes escalated to committing random murders. Investigators suspect it began 11 years before his arrest, shortly after he left the military. Modus Operandi According to Keyes, his usual routine would be to fly to some area of the country, rent a vehicle and then drive sometimes hundreds of miles to find victims. He would set up and bury murder kits somewhere in the targeted area - stashing items like shovels, plastic bags, money, weapons, ammunition and bottles of Drano, to help dispose of the bodies. His murders kits have been found in Alaska and New York, but he admitted to having others in Washington, Wyoming, Texas and possibly Arizona. He would look for victims in remote areas like parks, campgrounds, walking trials, or boating areas. If he was targeting a home he looked for a house with an attached garage, no car in the driveway, no children or dogs, he told investigators. Finally, after committing the murder, he would leave the geographic area immediately. Keyes Makes Mistakes In February 2012, Keyes broke his rules and made two mistakes. First, he kidnapped and killed someone in his hometown, which he had never done before. Secondly, he let his rental car be photographed by an ATM camera while using a victims debit card. On Feb. 2, 2012, Keyes kidnapped 18-year-old Samantha Koenig who was working as a barista at one of the many coffee stands around Anchorage. He was planning to wait for her boyfriend to pick her up and kidnap both of them, but for some reason decided against it and just grabbed Samantha. Koenigs abduction was caught on video, and a massive search for her was conducted by authorities, friends, and family for weeks, but she was killed shortly after she was abducted. He took her to a shed at his Anchorage home, sexually assaulted her and strangled her to death. He then immediately left the area and went on a two-week cruise, leaving her body in the shed. When he returned, he dismembered her body and dumped it in Matanuska Lake north of Anchorage. About a month later, Keyes used Koenigs debit card to get money from an ATM in Texas. The camera in the ATM captured a picture of the rental car Keyes was driving, linking him to the card and the murder. He was arrested in Lufkin, Texas on March 16, 2012. Keyes Begins to Talk Keyes was originally extradited back from Texas to Anchorage on credit card fraud charges. On April 2, 2012, searchers found Koenigs body in the lake. On April 18, an Anchorage grand jury indicted Keyes for the kidnapping and murder of Samantha Koenig. While awaiting trial in the Anchorage jail, Keyes was interviewed for more than 40 hours by Anchorage police detective Jeff Bell and FBI Special Agent Jolene Goeden. Although he was not completely forthcoming with many details, he began to confess to some of the murders that he committed over the past 11 years. The Motive for Murder The investigators tried to determine Keyes motive for the eight murders to which he confessed. There were just times, a couple of times, where we would try to get a why, said Bell. He would have this term; he would say, A lot of people ask why, and I would be, like, why not? Keyes admitted to studying the tactics of other serial killers, and he enjoyed watching movies about killers, such as Ted Bundy, but he was careful to point out to Bell and Goeden that he used his ideas, not those of other famous killers. In the end, the investigators concluded that Keyes motivation was very simple. He did it because he liked it. He enjoyed it. He liked what he was doing, Goeden said. He talked about getting a rush out of it, the adrenalin, the excitement out of it. Trail of Murders Keyes confessed to the murders of four people in three different incidents in Washington state. He killed two individuals, and he kidnapped and killed a couple. He didnt provide any names. He probably knew the names, because he liked to return to Alaska and then follow the news of his murders on the Internet. He also killed another person on the East Coast. He buried the body in New York but killed the person in another state. He would not give Bell and Goeden any other details of that case. The Currier Murders On June 2, 2011, Keys flew to Chicago, rented a car and drove almost 1,000 miles to Essex, Vermont. He targeted the home of Bill and Lorraine Currier. He conducted what he called a blitz attack on their home, tied them up and took them to an abandoned house. He shot Bill Currier to death, sexually assaulted Lorraine and then strangled her. Their bodies were never found. A Double Life Bell believes the reason that Keyes gave them more details about the Currier murders was because he knew they had evidence in that case pointing to him. So he opened up more about those murders than he did the others. It was chilling to listen to him. He was clearly reliving it to a degree, and I think he enjoyed talking about it, Bell said. A couple of times, he would kind of chuckle, tell us how weird it was to be talking about this. Bell believes their interviews with Keyes were the first time he had ever talked with anyone about what he referred to as his double life. He thinks Keyes held back details of his other crimes because he didnt want members of his family to know anything about his secret life of crime. How many more victims? During the interviews, Keyes referred to other murders in addition to the eight to which he confessed. Bell told reporters that he thinks Keyes committed less than 12 murders. However, in trying to piece together a timeline of Keyes activities, the FBI released a list of 35 trips that Keyes made across the country from 2004 to 2012, in hopes that the public and local law enforcement agencies could match up bank robberies, disappearances and unsolved murders to times when Keyes was in the area. Talk Is Over On Dec. 2, 2012, Israel Keyes was found dead in his Anchorage jail cell. He had cut his wrists and strangled himself with a rolled-up bedsheet. Under his body was a blood-soaked, four-page letter written on yellow legal pad paper in both pencil and ink. Investigators could not make out the writing on Keyes suicide note until the letter was enhanced at the FBI lab.​ An analysis of the enhanced letter concluded that it contained no evidence or clues, but was merely a creepy Ode to Murder, written by a serial killer who loved to kill. The FBI concluded there was no hidden code or message in the writings, the agency said in a news release. Further, it was determined that the writings do not offer any investigative clues or leads as to the identity of other possible victims. We may never know how many people Israel Keyes killed.

Hispanic Family Assesment Paper - 4076 Words

Abstract In this paper the theories of multigenerational family therapy and structural family therapy are applied to the Melendez family. Beginning with the biography of the Hispanic family, assessment of the strengths and vulnerabilities of the family, stage of the family life cycle, cultural elements that impact the family and explanation of the types and qualities of relationships depicted in the Melendez genogram and ecomap the foundation for therapeutic goals and interventions are set. Goals and interventions based on the multigenerational family therapy theory are theoretically applied with the goal of the family to recognize emotional patterns to decrease anxiety. The Structural Theory application will focus on the presenting†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I know my mom and dad love each other but their marriage is not healthy and has not been for a long time.† â€Å"They don’t even sleep in the same room†. (personal communication, 08/03/2013). Selyna states she feels like her mother is depressed, but would never admit to it. Selyna and her sister Stephanie are very close to their mother. Selyna’s brother Sergio is gay which has caused the greatest conflict with his father and has resulted in a poor relationship with conflict and discord. Selyna states â€Å"When my brother came out it was the most stress I have ever seen my family endure it was very hard for all of us. I have never stopped loving my brother and was able to look past it, but my father never has and I don’t think he ever will† (personal communication, 08/03/2013). Selyna describes her relationship with her brother Sergio and her sister Stephanie as close and has depicted on the genogram as extremely close or fused. Selyna married Adrian Melendez on June 10, 1996. Adrian’s father is George Melendez and mother is Irene Melendez. George recently moved in with Selyna and her husband after Irene’s passing of breast cancer. George has some health problems in relation to his heart disease and Selyna and Adrian felt compelled that he lives with them. George is close to all of his four children. Adrian is the youngest of four children and has a close relationship with his father. Salina and Adrian have three childrenShow MoreRelatedJcpenney Industry Analysis17889 Words   |  72 PagesFeinstein Graduate School AN ANALYSIS OF JC PENNY’S AND HOW IT RELATES TO COMPETITION WITHIN THE RETAILING INDUSTRY A Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the MBA Degree Course: MGMT 6800 MAY 9th, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 COMPANY PROFILES 4 1. JC Penney 4 Strategy initiative 4 Mission†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 2.KOHL’S†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5

The Fall of Phaeton - 640 Words

The Catholic Baroque period of the 17th century set forth an artistic style that used a much more dramatic use of color. Furthermore, contrasts between light and dark became more apparent as darks became darker, and brights became brighter. Images often depicted grandiose visions, martyrdom, intense psychological moments, intense light, ecstasies and conversions. Paintings became more direct and dramatic as well, attempting to draw the viewer into the scene to participate. Depictions during this era also felt emotionally straining, on top of feeling physically and psychologically real. The era was dominated by several figures; for example, Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini, Caravaggio and Rembrandt, but the metaphorical crown of the Catholic Baroque era goes to Peter Paul Rubens. Peter Paul Rubens was and is one of the most celebrated artists in Europe; both throughout the course of his lifetime, as well as throughout the entire Catholic Baroque era. His works are currently on display in some of the most prominent museums around the world; including the Musee du Louvre in Paris, The Metropolitan Museum in New York City, The Getty Museum in Los Angeles and many more. Peter Paul Rubens is accredited as the master of the Baroque period by many, and with his art he unknowingly created a set of rules that almost all Catholic Baroque art follows. One of Peter Paul Rubens most distinguished and discussed works is The Fall of Phaeton, an oil painting on canvas. Created between 1604 andShow MoreRelatedThe Fall of Phaeton807 Words   |  4 Pagesbecame very apparent in 1604-05 with the oil on canvas composition The Fall of Phaeton, . The Fall of Phaeton is about Helios, the Greek god that rode the chariot of the sun, who bore a boy, Phaeton, by a mortal mother. Aided by the recklessness of juvenility, Phaeton deceived his father into allowing him take the chariot. 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He is represented as a vine that is constantly being pruned, and duringRead MoreThe future communicator Essay8989 Words   |  36 PagesPaul Boutilier at University of Prince Edward Island until December 2014. Copying or posting is an infringement of copyright. Permissions@hbsp.harvard.edu or 617.783.7860. Volkswagen in India Page 2 of 33 Jetta was launched in 1983 and Phaeton in 2002. Thereafter, New Beetle was launched to recreate the magic of the original Beetle. The group entered India in 2001 with Skoda. Its plant in Aurangabad assembled a few models of Audi and Volkswagen as well. Audi and Volkswagen were launched

Diverse People in a Group for Americans- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theWorking with Diverse People in a Groupfor Americans. Answer: My group is made up of people from different cultural backgrounds. Apart from the local students, there are learners from overseas mainly Africans, Asians, and Americans. These are people who have different beliefs and traditions regarding health care. Each of these members value the cultural traditions held by the respective community because it is important to them in many ways. The fact that each of the group members originate from a different background implies that they have differing views regarding health care. The Africans in the group appear to be conservative people who believe in traditional healthcare services such as bush medicine. On the other hand, the Asians in the group hold different views because, unlike the rest of the group members, they believe that healthcare issues should be, to some extent, related to spiritual beliefs. According to the Asians in the group, healthcare issues cannot be discussed without involving the divine powers. As Muslims, the Asians believe that God can play a central role in the healing process (Braithwaite Schrodt, 2014). On their part, the Americans believe in western culture. According to the western culture, diseases are common because they are caused by environmental, genetic, and pathogens. At the same time, people should rely on modern healthcare services to help in addressing the illnesses affecting them. The use of modern medicine can be of great contribution in handling the ailments that affect people. The ways in which the Africans, Asians, and Americans communicate differ from one person to the other. Although each of the group members value communication as an important tool in the society, they have different views regarding the usage of verbal and non-verbal communication strategies. The Africans in the group believe that believe that communication should be perfectly used to deliver a message to the audience. During communication, the Africans believe that there should be a close distance between the communicating individuals. Meaning, they should feel free to touch and shake hands without any restrictions (Craig, 2013). Gender is not an issue of concern when it comes to communication because people are treated in a similar way. This view is almost similar to the Americans who believe in the use of proximity during communication. The Americans also value closeness and the use of eye contact. When communicating, it is normal for an American to have and maintain a direct contact. However, the Asian members of the group demonstrated different beliefs regarding communication (Bylund, Peterson Cameron, 2012). Unlike their American and African counterparts, the Asians discourage the use of direct eye contact, hand shake and close proximity between the people of diffe rent genders. Islamic culture does not encourage a free interaction between the males and females because they should keep some distance while interacting with one another. My interactions with the group members sensitized me to learn that there are certain problems which are only experienced by people depending on their location. What I found is that the Africans have serious health issues like HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, and mental illness. These are diseases which have been causing lots of problems to the Africans. The diseases are prevalent amongst these people because of their socioeconomic status. For example, malnutrition has become a major issue because of food insecurity that has been fueled by climate change. However, when I interacted with the Americans, I found out that they face health challenges like obesity and diabetes (Almutairi, McCarthy Gardner, 2014). These are lifestyle diseases which are associated with harmful behaviors such as physical inactivity, poor eating habits, and smoking. These have become common practices amongst the American population. Meanwhile, from my interaction with the group members, I learnt that the Asians have certain health issues like cancer and mental illnesses which needs to be addressed. My interaction with the colleagues from overseas was indeed a good experience. It made me to learn a lot about people from other countries. One of the lessons I learnt is that each of the members has specific needs which are unique to them. Therefore, as a serious student, I know I should make some positive contributions towards enhancing the learning process of these students (Grant, Parry Guerin, 2013). What I can do is to teach the students about communication. Since I know that these students can face similar challenges when it comes to communication, I will take my time to teach them about intercultural communication. I will adequately sensitize them on cultural awareness, cultural intelligence, and the significance of fostering cultural tolerance, acceptance, and appreciation. It will give the learners important skills to use in interacting and communicating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. Australia has been receiving an influx of foreign students because it has created a favorable environment for each of them regardless of their diversities. There are many resources which can be availed for these overseas students. These include interpreters, counselors, and mentors. Interpreters, for instance, can help in facilitating the communication process in case of any linguistic barriers (Arnold Boggs, 2015). References Almutairi, A.F., McCarthy, A. Gardner, G.E. (2014). Understanding Cultural Competence in a Multicultural Nursing Workforce Registered Nurses Experience in Saudi Arabia.Journal of Transcultural Nursing, p.1043659614523992. Arnold, E.C. Boggs, K.U. (2015). Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences. Braithwaite, D.O. Schrodt, P. eds. (2014). Engaging theories in interpersonal communication:Multiple perspectives. New York: Sage Publications. Bylund, C.L., Peterson, E.B. Cameron, K.A. (2012). A practitioner's guide to interpersonal communication theory: An overview and exploration of selected theories. Patient education and counseling, 87(3), pp.261-267. Craig, R.T. (2013). Constructing theories in communication research. Theories and models of communication, 1, pp.39-57. Grant, J., Parry, Y., Guerin, P. (2013). An investigation of culturally competent terminology in healthcare policy finds ambiguity and lack of definition. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 37(3), 250-256.

Urban Renewal Newcastle free essay sample

INS Australia has undergone significant changes over the past 30 years. The diversification of the citys economy is significant through the factors of education, health care and finance sectors, which are all experiencing strong growth. The population of the city has also grown dramatically and sustained the increase. This combination of economic and population changes has provided the perfect opportunity for reshaping the city centre. This Newcastle Urban Renewal Strategy 2012 considers the suitability of the Newcastle city centre for urban renewal. It outlines a clear strategy underpinned by a range of initiatives, and an implementation plan to support the revitalization of Newcastle over the next 25 years. The strategy proposes a framework for the city to successfully prosper and identifies initiatives to improve the citys economy, access, connections and the quality and attractiveness of the public domain. Several key initiatives will have significant short-term benefits as well as being catalysts for stimulating more changes in the city. We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Renewal Newcastle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These include: 1. Establishing a university campus in the city centre to stimulate and drive demand for commercial and retail floor space, introduce a student resident and worker population, and create synergies with established businesses and industry sectors 2. Reevaluating Hunter Street Mall into a distinct retail, entertainment, leisure and residential precinct to catalyst other renewal in the east end, including nearby major landholdings 3. Reshaping Hunter Street as a key city destination to promote activity, business opportunities, events and other uses in identified nodes. Reshaping can start with less permanent measures on a trial or temporary basis 4. Providing additional connections across the rail corridor for pedestrians, cyclists and cars 5. Appointing a Local Business Coordinator to prepare and implement a Business Improvement Plan 6. Attracting more residents into the city centre to support and build a vibrant and viable city centre 7. Promoting a higher mode shift to public transport to reduce the number of cars in the city centre, encourage activity and support for business, and utilize existing infrastructure and services.